History of Zanzibar
Zanzibar, an archipelago off the coast of Tanzania, is steeped in a rich history that dates back over 2,000 years. Known as the "Spice Islands," Zanzibar was a major hub in the Indian Ocean trade routes, where African, Arab, Persian, Indian, and European influences converged. The islands played a crucial role in the spice trade, particularly in the production of cloves, nutmeg, and cinnamon, which were highly valued commodities. Zanzibar also has a dark history as a centre of the East African slave trade, with Stone Town serving as a major port for the trade of enslaved people. The archipelago became a part of the Omani Sultanate in the 17th century and later a British protectorate in the 19th century before gaining independence and uniting with Tanganyika to form Tanzania in 1964. Today, Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous region of Tanzania, where the legacies of its diverse cultural and historical influences can be seen in its architecture, traditions, and way of life.
Languages in Zanzibar
The official language of Zanzibar is Swahili (Kiswahili), which is spoken by nearly everyone on the islands. Swahili is a Bantu language that has absorbed elements from Arabic, Persian, Portuguese, and other languages due to Zanzibar's historical role in trade. English is widely spoken, especially in tourist areas and hotels, and by those involved in the tourism industry. Some residents also speak Arabic, reflecting the island’s historical ties with the Arab world. In rural areas, indigenous languages such as Hadimu and Makunduchi are still spoken, though Swahili remains the lingua franca across the islands.
Culture of Zanzibar
Zanzibar's culture is a vibrant blend of its African roots and the influences of Arab, Persian, Indian, and European cultures that have shaped its history. The islands are predominantly Muslim, and Islamic traditions play a central role in daily life, including the call to prayer from mosques, Islamic holidays, and traditional dress. Swahili culture, which emphasizes community and hospitality, is evident in the warm and welcoming nature of the Zanzibari people. This culture is celebrated through music, dance, and cuisine, all of which reflect the island’s diverse heritage. Popular cultural events include the annual Sauti za Busara music festival and the Zanzibar International Film Festival, both of which draw artists and visitors from around the world.
Best Time to Visit Zanzibar
The best time to visit Zanzibar is during the dry seasons, from June to October and from December to February. These months offer warm, sunny weather, ideal for enjoying the island’s beautiful beaches, partaking in outdoor activities, and exploring its cultural and historical sites. The short rainy season in November and the long rainy season from March to May bring heavier showers, but the island remains lush and less crowded during these times. If you prefer fewer tourists and potentially lower prices, consider visiting during the rainy seasons, when the landscape is vibrant and green.
What You Will See in Zanzibar
Stone Town
Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is the historic heart of Zanzibar. Wander through its narrow streets and discover the unique blend of African, Arab, Indian, and European architecture. Key sites include the Old Fort, the House of Wonders, the Sultan’s Palace, and the Anglican Cathedral, which stands on the site of the former slave market.
Nungwi and Kendwa Beaches
The northern beaches of Zanzibar, particularly Nungwi and Kendwa, are famous for their white sand and clear, turquoise waters. These beaches are perfect for swimming, snorkeling, and relaxing, with the added bonus of breathtaking sunsets over the Indian Ocean.
Mnemba Atoll
Mnemba Atoll, off the northeastern coast, is a marine conservation area renowned for its vibrant coral reefs and abundant marine life. It’s an ideal spot for snorkelling and diving, where you can encounter tropical fish, sea turtles, and sometimes even dolphins.
Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park
Home to the endangered red colobus monkey, Jozani Forest is the largest area of mature forest left on Zanzibar. The park offers guided tours that take you through the forest, mangroves, and into the habitat of these rare primates, along with other wildlife such as bush babies and diverse bird species.
The Spice Farms
Zanzibar’s spice farms are a must-visit, offering an immersive experience of the island’s spice production. On a guided tour, you’ll learn about the cultivation and processing of spices such as cloves, cinnamon, nutmeg, and vanilla, and have the chance to taste and buy fresh spices.
Kuza Cave and Swahili Cave
Explore the natural beauty and cultural significance of Kuza Cave and Swahili Cave. Kuza Cave, located near Jambiani, features a clear, freshwater spring where you can swim surrounded by ancient limestone formations. The Swahili Cave offers insights into Zanzibar’s history and local traditions.
Prison Island (Changuu Island)
A short boat ride from Stone Town, Prison Island is famous for its giant Aldabra tortoises, some over 100 years old. The island also has a history as a former prison and quarantine station, and its surrounding waters are excellent for snorkelling.
The Rock Restaurant
Located on a small outcrop in the ocean, The Rock Restaurant is one of Zanzibar’s most iconic dining spots. Enjoy fresh seafood and local dishes with stunning views of the Indian Ocean, where the experience changes with the tides.
Essential Packing List for Zanzibar
Lightweight Cotton Clothing: Zanzibar’s tropical climate calls for breathable, light fabrics. Modest attire is recommended, particularly when visiting local villages and religious sites.
Swimwear: Essential for enjoying the island’s beautiful beaches and water activities.
Wide-brimmed Sun Hat & Sunglasses: Protect yourself from the strong equatorial sun with a hat and sunglasses.
Sunscreen: A high-SPF sunscreen is a must to protect your skin from the intense sun, especially if you’ll be spending long days outdoors.
Scarf or Shawl: Useful for covering shoulders when visiting mosques or other places where modesty is required.
Insect Repellent: Mosquitoes can be prevalent, particularly during the rainy season, so bring a good insect repellent.
Reusable Water Bottle: Staying hydrated is key, especially in the heat, so bring a refillable bottle to keep with you during your explorations.
Comfortable Walking Shoes: Essential for exploring Stone Town, spice farms, and national parks.
Snorkelling Gear: If you plan to snorkel, consider bringing your own gear for comfort and convenience.
Power Adapter: Zanzibar uses the British-style Type G plugs, so bring the appropriate adapter.
What Not to Pack
Heavy Winter Clothing: Zanzibar’s warm climate means you won’t need anything more than a light jacket or sweater for cooler evenings.
Excessive Valuables: It’s wise to leave unnecessary valuables at home to reduce the risk of loss or theft.
Plastic Bags: Zanzibar has banned the use of plastic bags to protect the environment, so avoid bringing them with you.
Travel Insurance
Travel insurance is essential for any trip, and Zanzibar is no exception. It’s important to have coverage that includes medical emergencies, trip cancellations, and activities like scuba diving or kite surfing. We recommend short-term travel policies that cater to adventure activities, ensuring peace of mind throughout your journey.
Power Adapter
Zanzibar uses the British-style Type G plugs, so make sure you bring the right adapter. A universal travel adapter is a good investment if you travel frequently.
SIM Cards & Staying Connected
Staying connected in Zanzibar is easy with a local SIM card. You can purchase a prepaid SIM at the airport upon arrival. Vodacom, Zantel, and Airtel are popular providers, offering various packages depending on your needs. Prices typically range from $5 to $20 USD for data plans. While Wi-Fi is available in most hotels and cafes, having a local SIM ensures you stay connected wherever you go.
Camera & Photography Gear
Camera/Smartphone: Zanzibar’s stunning landscapes and vibrant culture provide endless photo opportunities. Make sure your camera or smartphone is ready to capture the island’s beauty.
Portable Charger/Power Bank: Keep your devices powered throughout your day trips with a portable charger.
Underwater Camera (Optional): If you plan to dive or snorkel, an underwater camera can help you capture the incredible marine life.
Cultural Etiquette
Zanzibar is a predominantly Muslim region, so it’s important to dress modestly, especially in rural areas and religious sites. Women should cover their shoulders and knees, while men should avoid wearing shorts in public places. During Ramadan, it’s respectful to refrain from eating or drinking in public during daylight hours. When visiting mosques, remove your shoes and dress appropriately to show respect.
Arriving in Zanzibar
Most international flights to Zanzibar land at Abeid Amani Karume International Airport (ZNZ) near Stone Town. Upon arrival, you’ll be greeted by the warm, tropical atmosphere and the island’s unique blend of cultures. The airport is small and easy to navigate, with taxis readily available to take you to your accommodation.
Zanzibar Visa Information
Travellers to Zanzibar (Tanzania) may need a visa depending on their nationality. Here are your options:
E-Visa: Many travellers can apply for an eVisa online before their trip, allowing you to skip the visa-on-arrival process. You can apply for your eVisa through the Tanzania eVisa website.
Visa on Arrival: Available for many nationalities, including those from the US, Canada, the EU, and Australia. The visa is valid for 90 days and can be obtained upon arrival at Abeid Amani Karume International Airport for a fee (typically around $50 USD). Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months from your entry date.
Money in Zanzibar
The currency in Zanzibar is the Tanzanian Shilling (TZS), but U.S. dollars (USD) are widely accepted, particularly in tourist areas.
ATMs: Available in Stone Town and larger towns, where you can withdraw Tanzanian Shillings using international debit or credit cards.
Credit Cards: Accepted in most hotels, upscale restaurants, and larger shops. However, smaller establishments and markets often require cash.
Cash Usage: Despite the availability of card payment options, cash remains king in many transactions, particularly in smaller cities and rural areas.
Tipping: Tipping is appreciated, particularly in the service industry. A small tip (around 5,000 TZS or $2 USD) for porters, drivers, and restaurant staff is common.
Zanzibar: A Blend of Relaxation and Adventure
Zanzibar is a destination that offers something for everyone, whether you’re seeking relaxation on stunning beaches, exploring rich cultural history, or diving into crystal-clear waters. This tropical paradise combines the best of both worlds, making it an ideal getaway for any traveller. Whether you're strolling through the historic alleys of Stone Town, savouring local spices, or taking kite surfing lessons on the pristine beaches, Zanzibar promises an unforgettable experience.
On an Indy Escapes Zanzibar tour, you'll have the opportunity to explore the island's best attractions, from its historic Stone Town to its pristine beaches and exciting water sports. An Indy Escapes Zanzibar tour is your gateway to a comprehensive and memorable island adventure.
Comments